South Africa.

A foreigner who establishes or invests in a business in South Africa and invests the prescribed financial or capital contribution gets a business visa (permit until the 2011 amendments) for himself and his immediate family; s. 27(c) gives permanent residence on the same basis. The contribution is R5 000 000 in cash (or cash plus new machinery), certified by an accountant, with an undertaking that 60% of staff will be South African; it can be reduced or waived for businesses in the national interest. Launched 2003-03-12: commencement of the Immigration Act 13 of 2002, from the gov.za portal's record (the proclamation itself was refused, 403); its Gazette publication (31 May 2002) is kept as a 'legal' event. Business and investor permits under the earlier Aliens Control Act 1991 were not researched. The 2014 ministerial notice setting R5 million and any earlier amount were not stored. Not in scope: the s. 27(f) financially independent permanent residence (net worth, not an investment). No official counts found.