United Kingdom.
How United Kingdom sells residence for investors (golden visa): 2 programmes, 0 of them open today. Every number and rule below links to the document it comes from.
- 6,681
- numbers
- 92
- prices and rules
- 20
- events
- 30
- documents and articles
'Investor' category of the UK Immigration Rules (paras 224-229), 1994-2008
Sells the right to live in the country (a “golden visa”), sometimes leading to citizenship later.
Notes from the research
Predecessor of the Tier 1 (Investor) visa (gbr-tier1-investor), with its own legal basis: paragraphs 224 to 229 of the Immigration Rules, deleted by HC 607 from 30 June 2008 when Tier 1 (Investor) (paras 245O-245U) replaced it. The MAC (2014) dates the route to 1 October 1994: applicants had to hold at least GBP 1 million in the UK, invest GBP 750,000 in UK Government bonds, stocks or corporate bonds and make the UK their main home; from 2004 the funds could be borrowed from a UK regulated institution if personal net assets were at least twice the investment. The 1994 text itself is not stored; the launch date is the start date given by the MAC. No separate counts found.
Prices and rules
No prices or conditions recorded yet.
What is measured
No published numbers found for this programme. That is itself worth knowing: see the notes and the documents below.
Tier 1 (Investor) visa
Sells the right to live in the country (a “golden visa”), sometimes leading to citizenship later.
Official name: Tier 1 (Investor) visa (United Kingdom)
GBP 2 million invested in UK companies' share or loan capital. Government bonds were excluded from 29 Mar 2019. This was the rule when the route closed on 17 Feb 2022.
Notes from the research
Residence by investment under Part 6A of the Immigration Rules (paras 245E-245EF; originally 245O-245U), created by HC 607 from 30 June 2008, replacing an 'investor' category that had existed since 1 October 1994. Investors held GBP 1m (GBP 2m from 6 Nov 2014) and invested it in UK government bonds (until 29 March 2019) or share/loan capital of UK trading companies; no job or business required. First grant 3 years 4 months, extension 2 years. Settlement (indefinite leave to remain) after 5 years, or after 3 years with GBP 5m / 2 years with GBP 10m (from 6 April 2011). Citizenship by naturalisation possible 12 months after settlement and 5 years' residence (MAC 2014: 6 years at GBP 1m, 5 years at GBP 5m/10m). Closed to new applicants at 16:00 on 17 Feb 2022 by CP 632; existing investors could extend until 17 Feb 2026 and may apply to settle until 17 Feb 2028. Home Office statistics count visas per person and separate main applicants from dependants; no official figure for total money invested.
Prices and rules
What is measured
- Investor residence permits renewed2760
- Permanent residence (settlement) grants to programme participants2734
- Investor residence renewals refused235
- Golden visas issued148
- Share of applications turned down88
- Application grant rate87
- Applications processed87
- Applications received87
- Applications turned down86
- Applications approved84
- Applications lapsed84
- Applications withdrawn84
- Estimated economic benefit of a programme41
- Programme holders switching to another immigration route26
- Applicant share15
- Investors approved, not counting family members10
- Responses to a public consultation on a programme4
- Intermediary fees charged per investor4
- Investment by programme investors4
- Programme applicants identified as high risk3
- Projected minimum investment amount3
- Family members per application2
- Age of programme participants at a grant2
- Number of nationalities among applicants1
- Dependants approved1
- Programme grants as a share of all grants of the same status1
All the numbers we have for United Kingdom
Pick what you want to see. Each dot is one number from one document; click anything to open its source.
What happened, and when
The 30 documents behind this page
- 2026-08 · GovernmentImmigration system statistics, year ending June 2026: Extensions - detailed datasets · Home Office
- 2026-08 · GovernmentImmigration system statistics, year ending June 2026: Settlement - detailed datasets · Home Office
- 2023-12 · Non-profit"Golden visas": la adquisición de permisos de residencia por inversión en España. Principales riesgos, desafíos y recomendaciones · Transparency International España
- 2023-11 · International organisationMisuse of Citizenship and Residency by Investment Programmes (joint FATF/OECD report) · Financial Action Task Force and OECD
- 2023-07 · GovernmentWritten statement HCWS979: Statement of Changes in Immigration Rules (Imposition of a Visa Regime on Dominica, Honduras, Namibia, Timor-Leste, and Vanuatu) · UK Parliament / Home Office
- 2023-03 · GovernmentWritten answer to question 160106 (Tier 1 (Investor) review) · UK Parliament / Home Office
- 2023-01 · GovernmentWritten statement HCWS492: The Tier 1 (Investor) route: Review of operation between 30 June 2008 and 6 April 2015 · UK Parliament / Home Office
- 2022-05 · GovernmentWhy do people come to the UK? To work (Immigration statistics, year ending March 2022) · Home Office
- 2022-04 · GovernmentWritten answer to question 153990 (sanctioned Russians who held Tier 1 Investor visas) · UK Parliament / Home Office
- 2022-02 · Law or regulationStatement of Changes in Immigration Rules, CP 632 (17 February 2022) · Home Office
- 2022-02 · GovernmentExplanatory Memorandum to the Statement of Changes in Immigration Rules presented to Parliament on 17 February 2022 (CP 632) · Home Office
- 2022-01 · IndustryAt 1,035 Approvals, The Greek Golden Visa Was Officially Europe's Biggest in 2021 · Investment Migration Insider (IMI Daily)
- 2021-10 · European UnionAvenues for EU action on citizenship and residence by investment schemes: European added value assessment (PE 694.217) · European Parliamentary Research Service (European Added Value Unit)
- 2020-07 · GovernmentRussia (HC 632) · Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament
- 2020-02 · GovernmentImmigration statistics, year ending December 2019: settlement tables (se_01 to se_06) · Home Office
- 2019-03 · GovernmentExplanatory Memorandum to the Statement of Changes in Immigration Rules HC 1919 (7 March 2019) · Home Office
- 2019-02 · GovernmentImmigration Statistics, year ending December 2018: Entry clearance visas tables volume 1 (entry-visas1-dec-2018-tables) · Home Office
- 2019-01 · European UnionCommission Staff Working Document accompanying the Report on Investor Citizenship and Residence Schemes in the European Union, SWD(2019) 5 final · European Commission
- 2018-12 · GovernmentWritten statement HCWS1159: Statement of Changes in Immigration Rules (6 December 2018) · UK Parliament / Home Office
- 2018-10 · Non-profitEuropean Getaway: Inside the Murky World of Golden Visas · Transparency International and Global Witness
- 2018-04 · GovernmentWritten answer to question 135529 (politically exposed persons in the Tier 1 Investor route) · UK Parliament / Home Office
- 2015-06 · IMFVanuatu: 2015 Article IV Consultation and Request for Disbursement under the Rapid Credit Facility and Purchase under the Rapid Financing Instrument (IMF Country Report No. 15/149) · International Monetary Fund
- 2015-05 · IMFToo Much of a Good Thing? Prudent Management of Inflows under Economic Citizenship Programs (IMF Working Paper WP/15/93) · International Monetary Fund
- 2015-02 · Law or regulationStatement of Changes in Immigration Rules, HC 1025 (26 February 2015) · Home Office
- 2014-10 · Law or regulationStatement of Changes in Immigration Rules, HC 693 (16 October 2014) · Home Office
- 2014-09 · GovernmentWritten answer to question 208816 (investor visas granted to Russian citizens) · UK Parliament / Home Office
- 2014-02 · GovernmentTier 1 (Investor) route: investment thresholds and economic benefits · Migration Advisory Committee
- 2011-03 · Law or regulationStatement of Changes in Immigration Rules, HC 863 (16 March 2011) · Home Office / The Stationery Office
- 2008-06 · Law or regulationStatement of Changes in Immigration Rules, HC 607 (laid 9 June 2008) · Home Office / The Stationery Office
- · GovernmentORiip Annual Report 2019 · Office of the Regulator (Malta)
Who buys passports and golden visas, what they cost, and what happens when governments change the rules. Written from this data, in the newsletter.